Estate planning in many civil law jurisdictions often involves splitting full property ownership into two distinct parts: the right to use and enjoy the property (the usufruct) and the underlying legal title (the bare ownership). Although this method serves both tax and non‐tax objectives abroad, it poses unique challenges under U.S. tax law, where there is no direct counterpart to these civil law concepts. U.S. tax authorities therefore frequently draw analogies—comparing the arrangement to gifts of future interests, testamentary bequests, foreign trusts, or even joint tenancies—to determine its tax treatment.